1. Creditors Kya Hote Hain?

Creditor wo person, supplier, firm ya business hota hai jise business ko paisa dena hota hai, generally because business ne usse goods ya services credit par purchase ki hain.

Simple Definition

A Creditor is a person or party to whom the business owes money.

Easy Example

DSD Computers ne ABC Electronics se:

₹50,000 ka computer accessories ka maal credit par purchase kiya.

ABC Electronics ko payment abhi nahi ki gayi.

Therefore:

ABC Electronics = Creditor

Amount Payable = ₹50,000

2. Creditor Kaise Banta Hai?

Creditor generally tab banta hai jab business credit purchase karta hai.

Flow

Credit Purchase

↓

Goods/Services Supplier se Receive

↓

Payment Later Karni Hai

↓

Supplier Becomes Creditor

Example

ABC Electronics se goods purchase:

₹80,000

Payment:

Next Month

So:

ABC Electronics = Creditor ₹80,000

3. Creditor aur Supplier Mein Difference

Har supplier necessarily creditor ho, zaroori nahi.

Cash Purchase

Business ne supplier se goods purchase kiye aur immediately payment kar di.

→ Supplier hai
→ Outstanding Creditor balance normally nahi banta.

Credit Purchase

Business ne goods purchase kiye aur payment later karega.

→ Supplier bhi hai
→ Creditor bhi hai.

Easy Memory

Cash Purchase → Payment Done

Credit Purchase → Payable → Creditor

4. Creditors ko Payables Bhi Kaha Jata Hai

Accounting mein business ke suppliers ko dene wali amount ko generally Accounts Payable / Trade Payables kaha jata hai.

Example

ABC Traders ko:

₹40,000

dena hai.

Business ke books mein:

Trade Payable = ₹40,000

5. Creditor ka Accounting Effect

Credit purchase ke time:

Purchase A/c Dr.

To Supplier/Creditor A/c

Example

ABC Traders se ₹25,000 ka credit purchase.

Entry

Purchase A/c Dr. ₹25,000
To ABC Traders A/c ₹25,000

Why?

Business ko ABC Traders ko ₹25,000 pay karna hai.

Isliye supplier ka account Credit hota hai.

6. Cash Purchase Mein Creditor Kyun Nahi Banta?

Suppose business ne:

₹20,000

ka goods cash mein purchase kiya.

Entry

Purchase A/c Dr. ₹20,000
To Cash A/c ₹20,000

Payment immediately ho gayi.

Therefore:

Creditor Outstanding = Nil

7. Credit Purchase aur Creditor

Suppose DSD Computers ne:

XYZ Computers se ₹1,00,000

ka computer equipment credit par purchase kiya.

Payment baad mein karni hai.

Entry

Purchase/Relevant Asset A/c Dr. ₹1,00,000
To XYZ Computers A/c ₹1,00,000

XYZ Computers:

Creditor = ₹1,00,000

Note: Goods purchased for resale aur fixed asset purchase ka ledger treatment different ho sakta hai. Resale goods ke liye Purchase A/c use hota hai; fixed asset ke liye relevant Asset A/c.

8. Creditor ka Outstanding

Outstanding Payable ka meaning hai supplier ko abhi payment karni baaki hai.

Example

Credit Purchase:

₹80,000

Supplier ko payment:

₹30,000

kar di.

Remaining:

₹80,000 − ₹30,000 = ₹50,000

Final

Creditor Outstanding = ₹50,000

9. Creditor ko Payment Karne Par

Suppose ABC Traders ka outstanding:

₹50,000

Business ne:

₹30,000

pay kar diya.

Entry

ABC Traders A/c Dr. ₹30,000
To Cash/Bank A/c ₹30,000

Remaining Balance

₹50,000 − ₹30,000 = ₹20,000

ABC Traders ka remaining payable:

₹20,000

10. Purchase Return ka Creditor Par Effect

Agar business supplier ko goods return karta hai, to supplier ko payable amount generally reduce hota hai.

Example

ABC Traders ka outstanding:

₹50,000

Business ne:

₹10,000

ka goods return kiya.

New payable:

₹50,000 − ₹10,000 = ₹40,000

Basic Entry

ABC Traders A/c Dr. ₹10,000
To Purchase Return A/c ₹10,000

11. Creditor aur Discount Received

Agar supplier payment ke time discount deta hai, to business ki payable amount reduce ho jati hai.

Example

Supplier ko payable:

₹20,000

Discount Received:

₹1,000

Business pays:

₹19,000

Entry

Supplier A/c Dr. ₹20,000
To Cash/Bank A/c ₹19,000
To Discount Received A/c ₹1,000

Result

Supplier ka outstanding:

₹0

12. Creditor aur Advance Payment

Kabhi business supplier ko goods receive hone se pehle advance payment kar sakta hai.

Example

Business ne ABC Electronics ko:

₹25,000 advance

pay kiya.

Goods abhi receive nahi hue.

Is situation ko automatically credit purchase nahi maana jayega.

Business ke books mein supplier advance ka appropriate treatment kiya jayega.

Important

Advance paid to supplier ≠ Credit Purchase

13. Creditors as Current Liabilities

Business ke suppliers ko payable trade amounts generally Current Liabilities ka part hoti hain, subject to applicable accounting classification.

Example

Business ke paas:

Cash = ₹1,00,000
Bank = ₹2,00,000
Debtors = ₹3,00,000
Creditors = ₹1,50,000

To:

Creditors = Liability

because business ko supplier ko money pay karni hai.

14. Debtors vs Creditors

Ye accounting ka bahut important comparison hai.

Basis Debtors Creditors
Meaning Jisse business ko paisa lena hai Jise business ko paisa dena hai
Usually Customer Supplier
Arises from Credit Sales Credit Purchase
Business ke liye Asset/Receivable Liability/Payable
Money Direction Receive Pay
Example Rahul Traders ABC Electronics
🧠 Super Memory

Debtor → Business ko Dena Hai

Creditor → Business ne Dena Hai

15. Creditor Ledger Kya Hai?

Business ke books mein har major supplier ka separate ledger maintain kiya ja sakta hai.

Example

ABC Electronics A/c

Is ledger mein record ho sakta hai:

Credit Purchases
Payments Made
Purchase Returns
Discount Received
Other applicable adjustments

Isse supplier ka final outstanding easily calculate kiya ja sakta hai.

16. Creditor Ledger Example

ABC Electronics:

Credit Purchase

₹60,000

Payment Made

₹25,000

Purchase Return

₹10,000

Discount Received

₹2,000

Calculation

Starting Payable:

₹60,000

Less Payment:

₹25,000

Balance:

₹35,000

Less Purchase Return:

₹10,000

Balance:

₹25,000

Less Discount:

₹2,000

Final Payable:

₹23,000
17. Tally Prime Mein Creditors

Tally Prime mein suppliers/creditors ko generally party ledger ke form mein maintain kiya jata hai.

Example

Supplier:

ABC Electronics

Under:

Sundry Creditors

Applicable details such as GST information, credit period, contact details, etc. can be maintained according to the business setup.

18. Tally Prime — Credit Purchase

Suppose ABC Electronics se:

₹50,000

ka credit purchase hua.

Basic Entry

Purchase A/c Dr. ₹50,000
To ABC Electronics A/c ₹50,000

Tally Process
Purchase Voucher open karein
Supplier select karein — ABC Electronics
Purchase Ledger select karein
Stock Item select karein
Quantity enter karein
Rate enter karein
Applicable tax details enter karein
Invoice details verify karein
Save
19. Tally Prime — Payment to Creditor

ABC Electronics ko:

₹30,000

Bank se payment ki.

Entry

ABC Electronics A/c Dr. ₹30,000
To Bank A/c ₹30,000

Tally Process

Payment Voucher → ABC Electronics → Bank → ₹30,000 → Save

20. Tally Prime Mein Creditor Outstanding

Tally Prime ke relevant Payables/Outstanding Reports ke through supplier balances monitor kiye ja sakte hain.

Example
Supplier Outstanding
ABC Electronics ₹40,000
XYZ Computers ₹25,000
PQR Traders ₹15,000
Total Payable ₹80,000

Business ko suppliers ko total:

₹80,000

pay karna hai.

21. Ageing of Creditors

Creditor ageing mein payable amounts ko kitne time se outstanding hain us basis par analyze kiya jata hai.

Example
Age Payable
0–30 Days ₹50,000
31–60 Days ₹25,000
61–90 Days ₹15,000
90+ Days ₹10,000

Isse business ko payment planning mein help milti hai.

22. Credit Period

Supplier kab tak payment karne ki permission deta hai, usse Credit Period kaha jata hai.

Example

ABC Electronics ne:

30 Days Credit

diya.

Aaj purchase hua:

1 September

To agreed terms ke according payment approximately:

30 days ke andar

karni hogi.

Actual due date invoice/credit terms par depend karegi.

23. Creditor aur Cash Flow

Credit Purchase ka ek important advantage ye hai ki business ko goods receive karte waqt immediately cash pay nahi karna pad sakta.

Example

Business ne:

₹5,00,000

ka goods credit par purchase kiya.

Immediately Cash Payment:

₹0

Supplier Payable:

₹5,00,000

So business ke paas payment karne ke liye agreed credit period available hai.

Lekin iska matlab ye nahi ki payable permanently free money hai—due date par payment obligation rahega.

24. Complete Business Example

DSD Computers ne ABC Electronics se:

₹1,00,000

ka credit purchase kiya.

Step 1 — Credit Purchase

Purchase A/c Dr. ₹1,00,000
To ABC Electronics A/c ₹1,00,000

Outstanding:

₹1,00,000

Step 2 — Payment

Business ne:

₹60,000

pay kiya.

ABC Electronics Dr. ₹60,000
To Bank ₹60,000

Balance:

₹40,000

Step 3 — Purchase Return

Business ne:

₹10,000

ke goods supplier ko return kiye.

ABC Electronics Dr. ₹10,000
To Purchase Return ₹10,000

Balance:

₹30,000

Step 4 — Discount Received

Supplier ne:

₹2,000

discount diya.

Business pays:

₹28,000

Entry

ABC Electronics Dr. ₹30,000
To Bank ₹28,000
To Discount Received ₹2,000

Final Outstanding

₹0

25. Complete Creditor Statement
Transaction Debit Credit Payable Balance
Credit Purchase — ₹1,00,000 ₹1,00,000
Payment Made ₹60,000 — ₹40,000
Purchase Return ₹10,000 — ₹30,000
Discount Received ₹2,000 — ₹28,000
Final Payment ₹28,000 — Nil
26. Creditor ka Basic Formula
Closing Creditor

Closing Payable = Opening Payable + Credit Purchases − Payments − Purchase Returns − Discounts Received ± Other Applicable Adjustments

Example

Opening Payable = ₹20,000
Credit Purchase = ₹80,000
Payment = ₹40,000
Purchase Return = ₹10,000
Discount Received = ₹2,000

Calculation

₹20,000 + ₹80,000 − ₹40,000 − ₹10,000 − ₹2,000

= ₹48,000

Closing Payable = ₹48,000
🧠 Master Memory Trick
CREDITOR = Supplier ko Payment Karni Hai
Creditor usually arises from:

Credit Purchase

Creditor reduces through:

Payment + Purchase Return + Discount Received + Other applicable adjustments

Remember:

Debtor → Receive

Creditor → Pay

📊 Important Terms
Term Meaning
Creditor Party to whom business owes money
Supplier Person/business supplying goods/services
Payable Amount business has to pay
Credit Purchase Purchase with payment later
Purchase Return Goods returned to supplier
Discount Received Discount received from supplier
Credit Period Agreed time for payment
Outstanding Payable Amount still due to supplier
Trade Payable Amount payable to suppliers from business purchases
📝 Classroom Practice Questions
Q1.

ABC Traders se ₹60,000 ka credit purchase kiya. Journal entry pass kijiye.

Q2.

ABC Traders ko ₹25,000 payment ki. Remaining payable calculate kijiye.

Q3.

Supplier ko ₹5,000 ke goods return kiye. New payable calculate kijiye.

Q4.

Supplier ne ₹2,000 discount diya aur remaining amount payment ki. Journal entry pass kijiye.

Q5.

Debtor aur Creditor mein 5 differences likhiye.

Q6.

Cash Purchase aur Credit Purchase mein difference explain kijiye.

Q7.

Kya supplier ko ₹20,000 advance payment karna automatically Credit Purchase hai? Explain kijiye.

Q8.

Creditors ko Current Liabilities kyun maana jata hai?

⚡ Quick Revision
Creditor = Party/Supplier jise business ko paisa dena hai
Creditor generally Credit Purchase se create hota hai.
Creditors generally Trade Payables/Current Liabilities ka part hote hain.
Cash purchase mein normally creditor outstanding create nahi hota.
Supplier ko payment karne par payable balance reduce hota hai.
Purchase Return se creditor balance reduce hota hai.
Discount Received se creditor balance reduce hota hai.
Customer + Credit Sale = Debtor
Supplier + Credit Purchase = Creditor
Tally Prime mein suppliers ko generally Sundry Creditors group mein maintain kiya jata hai.
Payables/Outstanding reports se supplier balances monitor kiye ja sakte hain.
Credit Period supplier ko payment karne ki agreed time limit hoti hai.
🎯 Lesson Outcome

Is lesson ke baad student:

✅ Creditor ka meaning explain kar payega
✅ Credit Purchase se Creditor kaise banta hai samajh payega
✅ Cash aur Credit Purchase mein difference bata payega
✅ Creditor aur Payable ka relationship samajh payega
✅ Supplier ka outstanding calculate kar payega
✅ Payment, Purchase Return aur Discount Received ka effect calculate kar payega
✅ Debtor aur Creditor mein difference bata payega
✅ Tally Prime mein supplier ledger maintain kar payega
✅ Supplier ko payment ki entry kar payega
✅ Creditor Outstanding aur Ageing ka basic concept samajh payega
✅ Credit Period ka meaning explain kar payega