$ Symbol ka Use in Microsoft Excel

What is the $ Symbol?

Microsoft Excel mein $ symbol ka use cell reference ke row ya column ko fixed rakhne ke liye kiya jata hai.

Jab hum kisi formula ko copy ya drag karte hain, $ symbol decide karta hai ki reference ka kaunsa part change hoga aur kaunsa same rahega.

$ Symbol ke 3 Main Uses

1. Column ko Fix Karna — $A1

$A1
 ↑
Column A Fixed

Formula:

=$A1*B1

Formula ko neeche copy karne par:

=$A1*B1
=$A2*B2
=$A3*B3

Column A same rahta hai, lekin row number change hota hai.

Remember:

$ column ke pehle → Column Fixed

2. Row ko Fix Karna — A$1

A$1
  ↑
Row 1 Fixed

Formula:

=A$1*B2

Formula ko across copy karne par:

=A$1*B2
=B$1*C2
=C$1*D2

Row 1 same rahta hai, lekin column change hota hai.

Remember:

$ row number ke pehle → Row Fixed

3. Row aur Column Dono ko Fix Karna — $A$1

$A$1
 ↑  ↑
 │  └── Row Fixed
 └───── Column Fixed

Example:

=B2*$A$1

Formula ko neeche copy karne par:

=B2*$A$1
=B3*$A$1
=B4*$A$1

$A$1 change nahi hota, kyunki row aur column dono fixed hain.

Remember:

$ column + row dono ke saath → Both Fixed

Easy Formula Chart

A1
│
└── Nothing Fixed

$A1
│
└── Column Fixed

A$1
│
└── Row Fixed

$A$1
│
└── Row + Column Both Fixed

Easy Trick to Remember

$ jis part ke pehle laga hai, wahi part FIXED hai.

$A1   → $ before A → Column Fixed
A$1   → $ before 1 → Row Fixed
$A$1  → $ before A and 1 → Both Fixed

One-Line Definition

The $ symbol is used in Excel to lock a row, a column, or both so that the selected reference remains fixed when a formula is copied.

Source: Provided Advanced Excel 2018 notes — Relative, Absolute and Mixed References.